Coccinia cordifolia, belonging to the Family Cucurbitaceae, has been used as a traditional medicine as a household therapy for many diseases. It is one of the medicinal herbs in the traditional practice of Bangladesh as well as Indian medicine. Coccina cordifolia is a dioecious, perennial and herbaceous climber with glabrous stems and tuberous roots. The existence of secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, glycosides etc. in the plant may contribute to their medicinal value. The different parts of Coccinia cordifolia have many pharmacological activities like antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, analgesic, antipyretic, antiulcer, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic, antimalarial, anticancer, antitussive, mutagenic, antidyslipidemic etc. The present study gives pool information about the botany, phytochemical constituents and pharmacological actions of different parts of Coccinia cordifolia.