Anemia prevalence in young children continues to remain over 70% in the most parts of India and Asia despite a policy being in place and a programme that has been initiated for a long time. The irreparable damage that anemia in childhood can cause particularly to the development of a young child on one hand and the knowledge and mechanism available for its control on the other, makes this silent morbidity completely unacceptable in modern times where we strive for Millennium Development Goal 4. Hence based on above findings the present study was planned for study of Anemia Prevalence in Children’s admitted to Patna Medical College & Hospital. The present study was planned in Upgraded Department of Paediatrics, Patna Medical College & Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India. Total 550 children of age below 12 years were evaluated in the present study. Twenty micro litre of anti-coagulated blood was added to 5 ml of freshly made standarized Drabkin's solution in a vial. This was inverted several times to mix the solution. It was allowed to stand for 10 minutes. The solution was read in spectro-photometer at 540 nm and values were compared with a standard table. All observations were made by a single person to prevent inter-observer bias. The study aimed at determining the prevalence of Anemia with special reference to Iron status. The important associated risk factors and existence of morbid illness, in the school going age of both sexes. Overall frequency of consumption of iron-rich food is lower in males and females. Awareness of anemia is very poor in school-going children. Nutrition and Health Education session should be conducted in school with teachers and parents’ involvement to raise awareness regarding anemia.