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VOL. 8, ISSUE 1 (2022)
Endothelial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis-review article
Authors
Premshanker Singh, Shobhit Shakya
Abstract
Healthy endothelium plays a central role in car diovascular control. Therefore, endothelial dysfunction (ED). Which is charncterized by an imbalance between relaxing and contracting factors, procoagulant and anticoagulant substances, and between proinflmnmatory and antiint1ammatory mediators, may play a particularly significant role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Endothelial<lysfum:tion is closdy related to different rbk factors of atherosclerosis, and to 1hcir intensity and duration. The involvement of risk factors in ED is also supported by results of interventions studies that showed regression of ED with treatment of risk factors. Because risk factors are commonly accompanied by decreased bioavailability of nitric oxide, the common denominator whereby different risk factors cause ED is most probably increased oxidative stress. Endothelial dysfunction may promote atherogenesis through diffcrem mechanisms such as increased adherence of monocytes, macrophages, and enhanced permeability of the endothelial layer. Further, ED probably plays an important role in the growth of athcrosclerotic lesions and in the development of thrombotic complications in late stages of the disease. Because ED is a key underlying factor in the athcrosclerotic pro cess, markers of endothelial abnornrnlities have been sought. Detection of ED is based on tests of endothelium-dependent vasomotion (dilation capability of peripheral and coronary arteries) and on circulating markers of endothelial function (endothelin-1. von Willebrnnd factor, tissue plasminogcn activator, p!:tsminogen activator inhibitor. and adhesion molecules). Using these tests it is possible to follow the dose response of harmful effects of risk factors, and the effects of preventive procedures on vessel wall function.
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Pages:1-5
How to cite this article:
Premshanker Singh, Shobhit Shakya "Endothelial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis-review article ". International Journal of Medical and Health Research, Vol 8, Issue 1, 2022, Pages 1-5
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