Background: Reproductive health remains a fundamental component of women's overall health and well-being. Despite global efforts to improve access to reproductive healthcare services, women residing in rural communities in Nigeria continue to experience substantial barriers to quality care, including inadequate health infrastructure, poverty, and limited access to skilled healthcare providers, cultural practices, poor transportation networks, and insufficient reproductive health education. Community-based medical outreaches have become an important strategy for reaching underserved populations, providing essential preventive, promotive, and curative reproductive health services while generating valuable evidence on community health needs.

Objective: This study assessed the reproductive health needs and concerns of rural women who participated in a community-based medical outreach in Nigeria and identified priority areas for strengthening reproductive healthcare delivery.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted during a community-based medical outreach involving women of reproductive and post-reproductive age from selected rural communities. Data were collected through interviewer-administered structured questionnaires, clinical consultations, and health screening records. Information on sociodemographic characteristics, reproductive history, common reproductive health complaints, healthcare-seeking behaviour, awareness of reproductive health services, and unmet healthcare needs was obtained. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize participants' characteristics and major findings.

Results: The outreach revealed a high burden of unmet reproductive health needs among rural women. Frequently reported concerns included menstrual disorders, infertility, pregnancy-related complications, untreated reproductive tract infections, symptoms suggestive of cervical disease, limited uptake of family planning services, poor access to antenatal and postnatal care, and inadequate knowledge of cervical and breast cancer screening. Financial constraints, long distances to healthcare facilities, shortage of skilled health personnel, cultural beliefs, and low health literacy emerged as major barriers to accessing reproductive healthcare. The medical outreach also demonstrated that integrated community-based interventions substantially improved health education, early disease detection, timely referrals, and acceptance of preventive reproductive health services.

Conclusion: Rural women in Nigeria continue to experience significant reproductive health challenges that require coordinated public health interventions. Community-based medical outreaches represent an effective strategy for identifying unmet reproductive health needs, improving access to essential services, promoting early diagnosis, and strengthening health education. Sustained investment in rural primary healthcare, community engagement, reproductive health education, cervical cancer screening, family planning services, and maternal healthcare is essential to improve reproductive health outcomes and reduce health inequalities among rural women in Nigeria.